Macular degeneration (AMD) needs special mention,as it is the leading cause of blindness and loss of vision.It is estimated One in seven people over the age of 50 are affected ,the incidence increases with age.there are two types of AND ,They dry form leads togradual loss of central vision.The wet form is is a more sudden loss of vision due to adnormal blood vessels growing under the macula /fovea.The risk increases 50% if there is a family history of AMD and 3-4 times yhe risk if you smoke.Symptoms are Dark patches in your vision,difficulty in reading and partivular distortions of straight lines.Early detection is vital as there are many new and effective treatments.